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Tối Ưu Hiệu Năng Trong Flutter

· 3 min read

1. Phân Tích Hiệu Năng

1.1. Công Cụ Đo Lường

  • Flutter DevTools
  • Performance Overlay
  • Timeline Events
  • Memory Profiler

1.2. Các Chỉ Số Quan Trọng

  • Frame Rate (FPS)
  • Memory Usage
  • App Size
  • Start-up Time

2. Tối Ưu Widget Tree

2.1. const Constructor

const MyWidget(
key: Key('my_widget'),
child: Text('Hello'),
)

2.2. Widget Rebuilding

  • Sử dụng setState() hợp lý
  • Tách nhỏ widget
  • Dùng const widgets
  • Implement shouldRebuild

3. Quản Lý Bộ Nhớ

3.1. Image Optimization

  • Nén ảnh
  • Lazy loading
  • Caching
  • Proper image formats

3.2. Memory Leaks

  • Dispose controllers
  • Cancel subscriptions
  • Clear caches
  • Release resources

4. Tối Ưu Build

4.1. Code Organization

  • Tách code thành packages
  • Lazy loading features
  • Code splitting
  • Tree shaking

4.2. Asset Management

  • Compress assets
  • Remove unused resources
  • Optimize font loading
  • SVG thay vì PNG

5. Network Optimization

5.1. API Calls

  • Caching responses
  • Batch requests
  • Compression
  • Cancel unused requests

5.2. Background Processing

  • Isolates
  • Compute functions
  • Background tasks
  • WorkManager

6. Animation Performance

6.1. Efficient Animations

AnimatedBuilder(
animation: controller,
builder: (context, child) {
return Transform.translate(
offset: Offset(0, animation.value),
child: child,
);
},
child: const MyWidget(), // Cached
)

6.2. Best Practices

  • Use RepaintBoundary
  • Avoid excessive animations
  • Hardware acceleration
  • Frame pacing

7. Database Optimization

7.1. Local Storage

  • Indexed queries
  • Batch operations
  • Proper schema design
  • Regular cleanup

7.2. Caching Strategy

  • Memory cache
  • Disk cache
  • Network cache
  • Cache invalidation

8. Code Level Optimization

8.1. Dart Code

  • Async/await proper usage
  • Proper collection types
  • Constant values
  • Code minification

8.2. Platform Channels

  • Minimize platform calls
  • Batch operations
  • Proper error handling
  • Background processing

9. Debug và Profile Mode

9.1. Profile Mode

  • Release mode testing
  • Performance metrics
  • Memory leaks
  • CPU usage

9.2. Debug Tools

  • Flutter Inspector
  • Performance overlay
  • Debug flags
  • Logging

10. Kiểm Tra Hiệu Năng

10.1. Automation

  • Performance tests
  • Benchmark tests
  • CI/CD integration
  • Monitoring tools

10.2. Metrics

  • Frame build time
  • Memory footprint
  • Network latency
  • App size metrics